Probabilistic seismic demand model and optimal intensity measures for mid-rise steel modular building systems (MBS) under near-field ground motions

Establishing suitable probabilistic seismic demand models (PSDMs) is a key part of the performance-based method. Intensity measures (IMs) are used as connection between earthquake hazard and response in engineering. This study identifies optimal intensity for steel Modular Building Systems (MBSs) subjected to near-field ground motions. It achieved by performing Cloud analysis utilizing two sets motions: 72 pulse-like 120 non-pulse-like The nonlinear time history carried out using finite-element model 6-story mid-rise MBS. For this aim, total 36 scalar were collected. Based on large number regression analyses IMs Engineering Demand Parameters studied MBS, selected evaluated several criteria, including correlation, efficiency, practicality, sufficiency, proficiency. Finally, framework PSDMs, different fragility curves generated